從LIWC到C-LIWC：電腦化中文字詞分析的潛力

From LIWC to C-LIWC: The Potentialities of Computerized Chinese Word Count Analysis

情緒書寫已經被證實對身心健康產生有正向的效果。Pennebaker研究室發展「語文探索與字詞計算」（簡稱LIWC）的電腦分析程式以探索情緒書寫產生正向效果的心理機制。隨著後續的相關研究發展與需求，LIWC經幾次改版，目前的LIWC2007也已被證實是一項可以探討語言使用的心理特性的工具，具有穩定的信效度，也被廣泛應用在各研究領域中。本文整理LIWC與中文版LIWC（C-LIWC）的發展及相關研究發現與應用。儘管LIWC是一項以字詞為單位的量化分析工具，研究者在使用時，仍然需在理論導向在特定主題脈絡的引導下進行分析與闡釋，絕非完全去脈絡化的變項套用。C-LIWC發展完成，應可作為一項研究華人心理特性的研究利器，成為質化與量化研究間的溝通橋樑。

Previous research has demonstrated that expressive writing paradigm has positive effects on individual physical and psychological health. The cognitive and emotional processes related to this effect might be very well revealed in the language usage involved. However, although it seems intuitive that internal psychological processes are expressed in various forms of language, how to accurately translate natural language into operational indices remains to be a hard challenge to psychologists. To achieve this goal, Pennebaker and his colleagues psychometric properties of language use. LIWC2007 is the latest version which has been applied to various research topics and has demonstrated good reliability and validities. The current article reviewed the development and applications of both the original LIWC and also the Chinese version of LIWC（C-LIWC）. Even though LIWC simply does word counting and reports the percentages of word categories from texts, the exploratory power of LIWC can be highly enriched in combination with theoretical and contextual sensitivities. The authors argue that C-LIWC builds a bridge between qualitative and quantitative research, which is especially useful in the field of counseling psychology.