公民道德与自然教育—涂尔干论社会科学教育的重要性

Civic Morality and Natural Education： Durkheim on the Importance of Education of Social Sciences

Throughout the process of building a secular state during the 19th century， France was confronted with the political and social reality brought about by the Cartesian rationalism and abstract individualism. From the perspective of France’s secularization of morality， this essay examines how Durkheim practiced a moral education of realism and cultivated qualified citizens for the Third Republic while striving to overcome these two roots of crisis. It is the author’s opinion that by promoting education concerning social sciences， Durkheim created a new type of rationalism for France and nurtured a moral individualism， thus contributing to solving the political and social crisis.