中国留美学术人才回国意向及其影响因素分析

The Willingness of Returning to China and the Push-Pull Factors Leading to Chinese Academics' Staying in the United States

The transnational mobility of academics is determined by the nature of academic profession and the changing features of the globalized knowledge system. Based on a questionnaire survey and interviews， the paper investigates the bi-directional push-pull factors in China and America leading to the staying of Chinese scholars in the United States. The findings show that more than one third of Chinese academics do not intend to return to China. With the narrowing of the differences in higher education and research conditions between China and the United States， the multiple reasons at the institutional and individual levels play a more important role in Chinese scholars' decision on staying or returning. The major factors leading to Chinese scholars' staying in the U.S. are as follows: the differences in academic professional environment between China and America， the pursuit of career development， interpersonal relationship， family factors， and the motivation of migration into the United States.