论道德叙事与学校德育

Moral Narration and School Moral Education

道德叙事，就是教育者对道德事件的讲述或重叙，它是帮助学生净化心灵、升华德性、迈向美好生活的重要途径。道德叙事负载着两种价值——原初价值和附加价值，每个道德叙事都有一定的价值载荷。在学校德育中，道德叙事是道德知识、规范的传递者，是道德行为图式的储蓄所，是道德情感的传达者，是道德经验的转述者，是道德思维的传承者。道德故事的遴选、聆听视角的建立、道德故事的重叙和价值立场的形成是学校德育的“四部曲”。

Moral narration refers to educators' narrating or re-narrating of moral stories. It is an important way to help students to purify their mind, sublimate their virtue and live a better life. Moral narration has two kinds of value, the original value and the added value. Each moral story is endued with value by narrator. In school moral education, moral narration is the transmitter of moral knowledge and norms, the “saving bank” of schema of moral behavior, the communicator of moral feeling and experience, and the inheritor of moral thinking. Selecting moral story, establishing the perspective of listener, narrating moral story, forming the value position is the “Four Steps” of school moral education.