民主参与视野中的当代美国教师教育目的研究

Exploring the Purposes of American Teacher Education in the Perspective of Democratic Participation

民主参与是民主社会的标志性特征，公民参与民主社会治理的三种基本途径是审 议、协商与交涉行动。审议要求通过公平、公正、公开的讨论程序开展观点交锋，从中遴选出最 优化的解决方案;协商与交涉要求在保持既定利益与权力格局下采取有效谈判策略，努力达成 一份有利于公民自己的社会问题解决方案；行动主义者则试图借助外围行动的暴力来重构权 力利益格局，实实在在地改变现存社会结构。当代美国教师教育应该培养师生的民主社会愿 景，提升师生的民主素养，努力造就大量民主型教师。

Democratic participation is the symbolic characteristic of democratic society. There are three paths for citizens to participate in social governance democratically which are deliberation， negotiation and activism. Deliberation requires to select the optimized solution through viewpoint collides based on just，fair and open principles. Negotiation is committed to approach a solution of social problem in favor of citizens themselves with aiA of effective negotiating strategies under the condition of keeping the current interest and power structure. Activism strives to really transform the existing social structure and reconstruct power pattern by means of violent action. From the perspective of Triple Interaction Theory， contemporary American teacher education should cultivate democratic vision of teachers and students， improve their democratic qualities and train democratic teachers with its best efforts.