创客教育：我国创新教育发展的新路径

Maker Education: The New Path to the Development of Creative Education in China

全球创客教育的兴起为创新教育发展提供了一条新路径。创客教育核心理念在于通过动手实践培养人的创新意识、创新思维和创新能力，最终让每一个人的创意“照进”现实，其价值特征体现了以全人发展作为教育目标、以专业能力作为教育基础、以工匠精神作为教育核心、以协同环链作为教育关键。这一教育的典型模式有基于创业驱动的社会创客教育模式和基于专业驱动的学校创客教育模式两种。为了使创客教育实现预期目标，应以学龄特征及其认知发展水平为导向，形成教育目标体系；以“做中学”为主路径，构建内嵌式课程体系；以中小学、高校与政府“三位一体”协同发展为契机，打通阻碍创新人才培养系统的教育壁垒；积极培养学校内部创客文化，推动创新人才培养模式和教育体制的改革。

The rise of global maker education offers a new path for the development of creative education. A core idea of maker education is to develop participants’ creative awareness creative thinking and creative ability by practicing something in person. Eventually everyone is able to realize own ideas. Maker education has the distinctive values features， for example， all-round development as the educational objective， professional capacity as the educational foundation， craftsman spirit as the educational core， cooperative links as the educational key. Maker education has two typical modes of education. One is social model of maker education based on business driving， the other is school model of maker education based on professional driving. To realize the expected target of maker education， we should carry out effective measures in the four aspects as follows: to formed education target system with school-age features and cognitive development level as oriented， to build embedded curriculum system with learning by doing as mainly path， to break education barriers of innovation talent training system with collaborative development among elementary and middle schools， and college and government， to promote innovation talent training mode and education system of reform to train maker culture positively in school.