義烏方言鼻化小稱詞之優選理論分析

An Optimality-Theoretical Analysis of the Nasalized Diminutives in the Yiwu Dialect

本研究以優選理論(Optimality Theory)探討義烏方言鼻化小稱詞。首先，本文介紹義烏方言小稱詞的形成。詞基(base)後接鼻音尾〔-n〕，並配合韻母元音延長，元音延長有時伴隨音質變化，變化的結果與詞基韻尾的〔後〕、〔圓〕特徵有密切關係。接著，本文應用「輸出－－輸出對應」(Output-Output Correspondence)分析義烏方言小稱詞，並與Lin(2001)相互比較。研究顯示，「輸出－－輸出對應」不僅適用於分析吳語鼻化小稱詞的共時類型，更可解釋小稱詞發展過程中產生的「音系不透明現象」及「序列式推導」等問題。

The study aims to explore the diminutives in Yiwu in terms of Optimality Theory (OT). This study starts with an introduction to the formation of the diminutives in Yiwu. The nasal suffix [n] is attached to the bases and the vowels in the bases get lengthened. Certain lengthened vowels undergo a change in quality which is closely relevant to the values of the [back] and [round] features left by the omitted codas. Then, this study applies Output-Output Correspondence (OOC) to the diminutives in Yiwu, and makes a theoretical comparison with Lin (2001). Results show that OOC can not only analyze the development of the nasalized diminutives in Wu, but also deal with such theoretical problems as phonological opacity and serial derivation.