教师编制银行——城镇化背景下义务教育教师编制配置的新机制

Teacher Bian-zhi Bank：New Mechanism of Teacher “Bian-zhi” Allocation in Compulsory Education Stage Under Background of Urbanization

城镇化背景下教育人口大规模流动成为新常态。教育人口大规模流动提高了教师流动需求。教师流动的诸多影响因素可以聚焦于“教师编制”问题。传统教师编制配置的行政模式存在缺陷。教师编制市场化运作符合政府职能转变大趋势。由“缺编地区、超编地区、存入编制、借贷编制、编制利息、编制本金”六个基本要素所构成的教师编制银行运行模式，是对教师编制资源优化配置的有益探索。同时，教师编制银行的运作也需要满足一定条件，教师编制配置的市场模式同行政模式并不矛盾。

Educational population mass flow becomes a new normal phenomenon under the background of urbanization. Educational population mass flow increases in demand of teacher flow. Many influent factors of teacher flow can be focused on teacher “Bian-zhi” problem. Traditional allocation mode of “teacher Bian-zhi” has some obvious disadvantages. Teacher “Bian-zhi” marketing conforms to the trend of government function innovation. Teacher “Bian-zhi” bank——including six basic elements “vacancy area， redundant area， deposition Bian-zhi， loan Bian-zhi， Bian-zhi interest， Bian-zhi principal”——is a beneficial exploration to teachers “Bian-zhi” resource allocation. At the same time， teachers “Bian-zhi” bank operation also need to meet certain conditions， and teachers “Bian-zhi” marketing does not conflict with the administrative mode.