回眸与前瞻：我国教育体制改革３０年概观

Retrospect and Prospect： Overview of 30 Years of Education System Reform in China

２０世纪８０年代中期，极其相似的教育改革同时出现在许多国家，改革的重点都集中于公共教育体制问题。我国教育体制改革与其他国家有着很大的相似性，这表明各国教育改革的相似性不简单是一种历史的巧合。我国教育体制改革依据改革动力机制的变化，可以分为三个阶段。改革由自上而下转向自下而上，并在第三个阶段引发了一系列改革新矛盾，教育公平成为一个不容回避的问题。如何处理国家与教育、政府与学校的关系、如何坚守教育的公共性质、如何处理教育与市场的关系、如何设计未来的教育体制改革已成为未来改革的大问题。

In mid-1980s， similar educational reforms took place in many countries， focusing on the reform of the public education system . China's education reform was also very similar to that in other countries ，suggesting that similarities in national education reform are not simply a historical coincidence. Based on the dynamic mechanism of change ， reform of the education system in China canbe divided into three stages. Reforms started from top down and then shifted to a bottom-up process ， which triggered a series of new contradictions in the third stage and education equity has become an unavoidable issue. How to deal with the relationships between the state and education ， and government and school？ How to adhere to the public nature of education？ How to handle the relationship between education and market？ How to design education reform in future？ These issues should be considered in the reform of education system in the future.