MOOC 质量保证体系研究

Towards a MOOC Quality Assurance Framework

近年来，MOOC 的普及引发了社会对其质量的广泛关注，国外虽有学者对MOOC 质量和评价做了 一些研究，但主要集中于评估原则和零散的具体措施，在课程质量保证方面缺乏系统性研究，而且对预防性质量 措施讨论尚不充分。鉴于在线课程质量的相关研究已比较成熟，本文通过对国内外八个权威在线课程评价指标 的分析，归纳出一般在线课程的质量因子;然后结合MOOC 的特殊性确立适合MOOC 的质量观，并以美国在线 课程质量量规(Quality Matters Rubric)为蓝本构建MOOC 质量模型。文章最后结合国内外MOOC 建设的案例和 优秀实践，从媒体技术、课程内容、课程管理三方面讨论实际工作中可具体应用的质量措施，形成较为完整的质 量保证体系，可作为MOOC 建设和质量管理的参考。

In recent years， the popularity of MOOCs has drawn attention of researchers about the quality of the courses. Oversea scholars have done research on the quality assurance and evaluation methods for MOOC， including the underlying dimension of the MOOC quality， the methods to improve the quality of MOOCs， and implementation of the quality assurance procedure. However， existing research studies mainly focus on assessment principles and partial specific measures and there is a lack of a systematic investigation and preventive measures on the quality assurance. Given that the quality assurance of e-learning is relatively mature， the authors analyzed eight well-known Chinese and oversea online course rubrics and established 15 type quality factors. Then， taking the features of MOOCs into consideration， the authors created a MOOC quality model with reference to the Quality Matters Rubric. Finally， we discussed several specific measures from three aspects (media technology， learning content， and course management) based on the research of a wide range of case studies and best practices related to MOOC development in and outside of China. All these measures can be applied to guide the development and quality control of MOOCs as well as to increase the satisfaction level of learners and stakeholders.