美国高校学生违纪处分制度的内容与特点———基于宾夕法尼亚大学的资料分析

Research on Student Disciplinary System in Higher Education Institutions in the United States： The Case of the University of Pennsylvania

高校学生违纪处分制度是教育法治的重要内容。美国高校普遍重视以法治为原则建构学生违纪处分制度，以宾夕法尼亚大学为例，其在如下几个方面的特点值得参考和借鉴：区分学术事务和非学术事务；强调正当法律程序；鼓励纪律处分中的调解；重视对学生隐私权的保护。

Student disciplinary system in higher education institutions plays a crucial role in educational rule of law. Generally speaking， U.S. higher education institutions establish the student disciplinary process based on the rule-of-law principle. The practice in the University of Pennsylvania is characterized with the following aspects that deserve great reference， including distinguishing between academic and non-academic affairs， implementing procedural due process， encouraging mediation in discipline and protecting students' privacy.