美国职业教育质量问责制探析

The Research on Vocational Education Accountability in the United States

为加强职业教育质量管理，促进职业教育质量提升，美国实行职业教育质量问责制。美国对职业教育质量问责的实施程序和指标体系做出了具体的规定，并以弹性的方式，在州和地方两个层面组织开展相关工作。在质量问责的实践中，美国在“评价数据库”、“测试题库”和“评价收集库”等质量问责工具的开发方面所作的努力值得关注。

To strengthen quality management and improve the quality of vocational education， the United States implements accountability system. As the latest Perkins Act， Perkins IV establishes the implementation procedures and performance indicators of vocational education accountability， and carries out accountability at state and local level by giving them broad flexibility. In accountability practice， the United States' efforts in developing accountability instruments like“Longitudinal Data Systems”，“Test Item Bank”and“Assessment Clearinghouse” are worthy of attention.