美国在华留学生跨文化人际适应质性研究

A Qualitative Study on American International Students’ Intercultural Communication in China

为了解美国在华留学生跨文化人际交往的适应现状，本文通过质性研究的方法对8名美国留学生进行了访谈。研究发现，美国留学生与中国人的跨文化人际交往主要存在下列问题：语言障碍影响了沟通效果和人际和谐；刻板印象和文化差异对跨文化交流有负面影响；刻板印象主要和种族与国别有关。文化差异包括：平等自由和服从上级；普遍主义和特殊主义；就事论事和人情面子；人际距离的远和近。根据上述研究结果，本文从人际交往的角度，对美国来华留学生的跨文化管理提出了包括语言培训、跨文化教育和培训、有关制度调整等建议。

This article focuses on the understanding of American overseas students' intercultural adjustment in China based on an in-depth interview with 8 American students. It finds out that there are three major affecting factors: language， stereotype and cultural differences which are listed as follows: horizontal individualism verses power distance， fact-oriented versus face concerns，universalism versus particularism and far verse near in social distance. The research findings show that the improvement of cross-cultural management of overseas students could find its way in language training， intercultural training as well as rewriting some rules in management.