极权主义与公民教育：对阿伦特的一种新的综合

Totalitarianism and Citizenship Education: The New Synthesis of Arendt

：区别于直接阐述阿伦特公民观的政治规定性，将极权主义与公民教育作为意义关联项，既符合阿伦特立论旨趣，又可明确她对公民、公民教育的具体所指。阿伦特集中分析了极权主义现象的深层历史原因及其结构因素，从制度、工具与目的属性三个方面，揭示了极权主义教育学立意全面统治，如何有效运用宣传、组织手段，实现“逻辑性的恐怖”的反人性目标。阿伦特的公民教育观，正是以批判极权主义教育，蓄意制造人性之“恶”这一主题为起点。围绕“抗恶”的价值立场，才能理解她所塑造的“反思的行动者”形象，以此作为公民培育的独特内涵。关键词：极权主义；逻辑性的恐怖；反思的行动者；抗恶；公民教育

Different from directly interpreting the political stipulation of Arendt's concept of citizenship ， making the totalitarianism and citizenship education as related items conforms with Arendt's theory of knowledge and can clarify her definition of citizenship and citizenship education. Arendt focuses on the deep historical reasons of the phenomenon of totalitarianism and its structural factors. She reveals that the totalitarianism pedagogy aims for a comprehensive dominance. By effectively using propaganda and organization， it aims to realize the anti-humanity target of ＂tyranny of logicality＂ from the aspects of system， tools and objective attributes. Arendt's argument of citizenship education is to criticize totalitarianism education， which deliberately produces evil of personality as a starting point. Through understanding the values standpoint about how to oppose evil， we can understand her idea of ＂reflecting actor＂ which can be considered as the unique connotation of citizenship education