美国大学协商治理机制及其挑战

Shared Governance in American Universities: Mechanism and Challenges

协商治理强调学校决策的合法性必须建立在协商的基础上，所有受到决策影响的主体都有机会参与决策过程，并有平等的权利来选择议题和控制议程。它的核心内容是决策权力的分散化和去中心化，注重各利益主体的协商和沟通。协商治理不应被视为教师和管理者之间力量的妥协，而是二者合作的有效机制。尽管目前关于协商治理有许多不同的声音，但它在短期内仍然是美国高校主流的治理模式。

Shared governance emphasizes that the legitimacy of university's decision-making should be on the basis of consultation， discussion and bargaining. All the concerned parties should have the opportunity to participate in the decision-making process and be equally entitled to choose topics and control agenda. The core content of shared governance lies in the diversification and decentralization of power， and therefore communication and negotiation are highly valued. Shared governance shouldn't be regarded as a compromise between the administration and faculty， but a win-win mechanism. Although there are divergent opinions on shared governance， it will still be the mainstream model of university governance in the United States in the short term.