贫困地区学生数学与科学学业表现状况调查

A Study on Students? Math and Science Achievement in Poor Areas

本研究采用测验法，考察集中连片特困地区的34个贫困县的四、八年级学生数学与科学学业表现状况，并与所在省的43个非贫困县学生进行了比较。全部被试为1，469所中小学的56，454名学生。描述统计和差异分析结果表明：(1)贫困县学生的数学与科学学业状况普遍较差，显著低于非贫困县学生，四年级数学的落差最大；(2)贫困县有三成学生数学与科学学业未达到课程标准要求，这一比例显著高于非贫困县；(3)贫困县在数学与科学学业上达到高水平的学生比例显著低于非贫困县；\r(4)贫困县女生的数学与科学学业表现显著差于男生，且贫困县的男女生差异大于非贫困县；\r(5)贫困县乡镇和农村学校学生的数学与科学学业状况显著差于县镇学校，乡镇和农村学校无显著差异；(6)4个贫困县之间学生的数学与科学学业状况存在显著差异。

The study used tests and examined 56，454 students’ math and science achievement in 1，469 schools of 34 poverty-stricken counties in contiguous poor areas and 43 non-poverty counties in the same provinces. Descriptive statistics and difference analysis show that ： (1) students in poor areas scored significantly lower than non-poverty counties in math and science achievement， with the largest gap in four-grade students' performance in math； (2) about 30% students in poverty-stricken counties could not meet the basic requirements of curriculum standards， which was significantly higher than non-poverty counties； (3) the proportion of students who achieved high level in poverty-stricken counties was significantly lower than that in non-poverty counties； (4) compared with non-poverty counties， girls in poverty-stricken counties fell far behind in math and science achievement than boys； (5) town and rural school students in poverty-stricken counties performed similarly worse than urban school students; (6) there was significant difference in students' achievement in different poverty-stricken counties.