消解羈囚情結的不同嘗試：柳宗元永州遊記的重新解讀

On the Attempts at Dissolving His Confinement Complex: A Re-interpretation of Liu Zhongyuan's Records of Excursion in Yongzhou

關於柳宗元永州遊記的研究甚多，然而對〈始得西山宴遊記〉等個別篇章的理解不夠準確，未能圓滿解釋這些遊記如何能夠消解柳宗元的貶謫愁懷。還有是許多學者都抱有一個定見：「永州八記」是內容緊密聯繫的一組文章。於是分析時不能分別對待，往往把意旨不同的遊記混為一談。本文以消解羈囚情結為焦點，不囿於「八記」的局限，重新審視柳宗元的永州遊記。揭示元和四、五年的遊記，都是以莊子思想消解羈囚情結的嘗試；而元和七、八年的五篇遊記，文意與元和四年的作品迥異，可以視為柳宗元回歸儒家思想以消解羈囚情結的嘗試。

Despite the many studies on Liu Zongyuan柳宗元’s records of excursions in Yongzhou永州， there is still much lacuna to fill. This is mainly because their interpretations for some of Liu’s work， like Shide Xishan yanyouji始得西山宴遊記， are not plausible and do not give satisfying account for his dissolution of melancholy from demotion therein. Besides， many scholars persist that “Yongzhou baji”永州八記 is a group of writings with closely related contents and thus cannot discuss them on separate basis even though they have different writing themes.This article focuses on the dissolution of Liu’s confinement complex and re-evaluates his records of excursions in Yongzhou with no regard to the conventional “baji” framework. Accordingly， the five records written in the fourth and fifth year of Yuanhe元和can be viewed as his dissolution attempts by Zhuangzi莊子’s thoughts. It is then suggested that， in contrast to them， the another five records written in the seventh and eighth year of Yuanhe have completely different meanings， and thus can be considered as Liu’s another attempt through reversion to Confucianism.