学前一年教育纳入义务教育的经费需求及可行性研究

Financial Requirements and Feasibility of Implementing One Year Compulsory Pre-Primary Education in China

近年来，把学前一年教育纳入义务教育的呼声日益强烈。政府经费投人是学前一年教育纳入义务教育的重要条件保障。对东、中、西部地区108个班级的生均质量成本（不含基建成本）进行调查，并在此基础上测算了在不同质量标准下把学前一年教育纳人义务教育所需的教育财政性经费投人规模；根据学前教育财政经费的增长速度，预测在不同质量水平上实施学前一年义务教育的可行时间，并探索了适宜的经费保障机制。研究发现，如果全国财政性教育经费中学前教育占比维持在三年行动计划结束时的水平，至少要到2018年才能实现以“中等质量”将学前一年纳入义务教育；如果学前教育经费按照三年行动计划期间的速度增长，2017年能够实现以“良好质量”把学前一年纳入义务教育。

In recent years， one year pre-primary education in the compulsory education has become increasingly intense. Government funding is an important condition for the protection of pre-school education into one year of compulsory education. An investigation based On the eastern， central and western regions 108 class quality cost per student (excluding capital costs)， and on the basis of estimates of different quality standards in the school the previous year compulsory education into the education needed fiscal funding scale; according to the growth rate of pre-primary funding finances， forecasting the year before the implementation of compulsory school feasible time at different quality levels， and explore the appropriate funding mechanism. It is found that if expenditure on pre-primary education as percentage of total government expenditure on education remains the same as 2012， one year compulsory pre-primary education with medium quality will be achieved in 2018; and if expenditure on pre-primary education as percentage of total government expenditure on education increases with annual rate of 0. 6 percentage， one year compulsory preprimary education with good quality will be achieved in 2017.