教育如何影响幸福──教育、公共教育支出与主观幸福的研究进展

How Education Affects Happiness :Research Progress on Education %2C Public Expenditure on Education %2C and Subjective Well-Being

主观幸福（SWB)是目前教育经济学用来测量幸福程度的重要指标。虽然教育有时候会降低生活满意度，但它能通过提高个人收入水平，为个人提供更有创造性的工作，对个人身心健康、婚姻家庭、社会网络等产生积极的影响，能通过提高国家的生产效率、促进民主与减少收入分配不公，改善人们的主观幸福感。公共教育支出有助于提高国民幸福水平，尤其是在低收入国家，惠及低收入群体的公共教育投入对提升国民幸福水平的影响更大。经济学对教育与幸福关系的研究应在如何建立数据库进行动态追踪调查、教育如何通过中间变量影响幸福以及如何将幸福设为教育政策目标等方面进一步努力。

Happiness is generally measured by subjective well-being ( SWB ) in the field of education economics. Some researchers think education lowers life satisfaction ， but most research indicates that education results in increased income ， employment opportunities ， and a generally positive influence on physical and mental health ， marriage ， family ， and social networks. For society as a whole ， education also contributes to productive efficiency ， democracy ， and income equality ， which will advance personal and societal subjective well-being. Public expenditure on education helps to enhance the level of happiness ， especially for low income groups in developing countries. In the future ， scholars in the field of education economics should make efforts to establish databases to track surveys ， research the intermediate variable between education and happiness ， and set happiness as a goal for the education policy.