奥巴马政府《提升和转变教学专业蓝图》述评

On the Obama Administration's “Blueprint for Elevating and Transforming the Teaching Profession”

教师质量不但是在与学校有关的变量中影响学生学业的核心要素，而且是提高劳动力和国民素质、促进经济发展和社会公平的重要保证。因此，当今世界各国都重视通过教学专业建设来提高教师质量。美国教育部2013年4月发布了奥巴马政府《提升和转变教学专业蓝图》，这是美国联邦政府在21世纪制定的第一个全面的、专门的、综合的教学专业改革蓝图。具体内容主要包括建议用50亿美元的竞争拨款来实施两项计划：一是支持转变教学专业缺一不可的7个关键领域改革；二是支持创建STEM高级教师队伍。该蓝图旨在重塑美国教学专业，从而推进教学实践，提高学生成绩，并确保毕业生具有符合全球经济需要的技能和能力。

The quality of teachers is not only the core element among the school variables affecting students' academic performance，but also the important guarantee of improving the quality of labor and the whole people， promoting economic development and social equity. Therefore，all countries in the world attaches great importance to the teaching professional construction to improve the quality of teachers Today.“The blueprint for elevating and transforming the teaching profession”released by the U.S. Department of Education in April，2013 is the first comprehensive reform blueprint specialized on teachers. Its Specific contents mainly include the suggestion of using $5 billion competitive grants to implement two programs：One is to support the reform of seven indispensable， critical components of a transformed teaching profession；The other is to support the creation of a STEM Master Teacher Corps. It is designed to reshape the teaching profession to advance educational practice，improve outcomes for students and ensure that young people graduate with the skills and abilities aligned with the needs of a global economy.