美国中等职业教育外部质量评价机制及启示——以亚利桑那州为例

The External Quality Evaluation Mechanism and Enlightenments of the US Secondary Vocational Education

美国中等职业教育外部质量评价经历了投入导向、结果导向和标准导向三个阶段。在评价过程中，联邦、州、地方学区、职业学校、协会组织等作为利益相关者共同参与评价，形成了多元参与、相互协调的外部评价机制。这一机制对于改变我国职业教育评价的价值观念，建立公正、客观和多元参与的外部评价机制，采用弹性化的评价标准，提高中等职业教育的学术性等具有重要启示。

The development of external quality evaluation of Amencan secondary vocational education has experienced three stages；the investment-onented stage，the result-oriented stage and standard-oriented stage In the process of performance evaluation，the federal，state，and local school districts，vocational schools，associations as stakeholders have participated in the evaluation，and formed a multi-actors participation and mutual coordinated external evaluation mechanism This mechanism has important enlightenments to change China’s vocational e— ducation evaluation values， to establish a fair， objective and multiple participation external evaluation mechanism， to use flexible evaluation standards and to improve the academic nature of secondary vocational education