美术治疗的发展: 回顾与展望

The Development of Art Therapy: Ｒetrospect and Prospect

美术治疗是借助美术来进行诊断与治疗的一种心理疗法。它产生于上世纪40年代，初步发展于50年代。60至90年代是其成长的黄金期，美术治疗在欧美逐渐发展成为一项专业化的心理服务，其实践形式和方法日趋多元，实践领域不断拓展。进入21世纪，“整合”成为美术治疗的一个主要趋势，适应科技发展、重视文化情境的多样性，也是美术治疗发展中的显著特征。

Art therapy is one of psychotherapies to use art in diagnosis and therapy． It emerged in the 1940s and took first step in the 1950s． In the gold times from the 1960s to 1990s，art therapy evolved into a professional mental service，and was practiced in various forms and methods，and the application field． In the 21st century，integration highlights as a major trend in art therapy which is prominently featured with keeping pace with the progress of science and technology and focusing on the diversity of cultural contexts．