中美劳动人口受教育程度的现状比较与启示

A Comparison of the Educational Attainment of Working-age Population between China and the United States: Current Situation and Policy Implications

中美劳动人口受教育程度存在较大差距。从行业的角度来看，主要是农林牧渔、建筑、采矿、制造等行业从业人员受教育程度差距较大；从职业的角度来看，主要是工人、农民等的受教育程度差距较大。为此，对未来我国劳动人口人力资源开发而言，应采取继续将教育置于国家优先发展的战略地位、注重生产一线人才的培养、优化人力资源配置等措施，以提升我国劳动年龄人口人力资本红利。

Industries like agriculture， forestry， animal husbandry， fishery， construction， mining and manufacturing and the professions of worker and farmer witness the widest gap between China and the United States in the educational attainment of working-age population. In order to enhance China's demographic dividend， it is imperative to continuously prioritize education in China's strategic development， attach importance to the cultivation of industrial professionals， and optimize the allocation of human resources.