英国髙等教育拨款委员会拨款方法详解及启示

Detailed Analysis of Funding Methods of Higher Education Funding Council for England

本文全面剖析了英国高等教育拨款委员会(HEFCE)的拨款方法，包括拨款周期、拨款结构、拨款模型、拨款协议和数据监控五个方面内容。指出HEFCE的拨款包括教学拨款、科研拨款和其他相关拨款三大部分。其中教学拨款包括主流拨款、扩大参与度拨款、定向拨款和其他周期性的教学拨款。科研拨款包括科研质量拨款和科研能力拨款。其他相关拨款包括缓冲调节拨款、高成本学科和薄弱学科的额外补偿及专项拨款。并着重对教学拨款中采用的主流拨款模型、定向拨款方法，以及科研质量拨款模型进行了详细解读。在此基础上对HEFCE拨款方法的特征进行总结，对未来HEFCE拨款的发展趋势进行分析。

This paper comprehensively analyzes the funding methods of the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)，covering five aspects： funding cycle， funding structure， funding model，funding agreement，and data monitoring. The HEFCE funding comprises funding for teaching， funding for research，and other related funding. Teaching funding includes mainstream teaching funding， funding for widening participation，targeted allocations，and other periodic teaching grants. Research funding includes quality-related research funding and capability funding. Other related funding includes moderation funding，additional funding for high cost and vulnerable subjects， special funding and earmarked capital. The paper gives a detailed interpretation of the mainstream funding model for teaching funding，targeted allocation model and quality-related research funding model. On the basis of the interpretation，the paper summarizes the features of the HEFCE allocation methods and analyzes its future development tendency.