國中國文教科書環境教育議題之內容分析

A Study on the Environmental Education Issues within the Chinese Literature Textbooks of Junior High Schools: Content Analysis Approach

本研究採用內容分析法，以環境教育議題五項內涵為分析主類目、11 項主題做為次類目，分析環境教育議題融入九年一貫課程各版本一至六冊國中國文教科書之現況。在質性研究部分，探討課文環境教育實質內容。研究發現，各版本之環境教育都占三分之一以上；在五項內涵方面，各版本以「環境覺知與環境敏感度」所占比例最高；在11 項主題方面，各版本都以「自然與人為環境之體驗」為重心，未能呈現「環境活動規劃」、「參與在地環境活動」和「全球環境問題探究」等三項主題。在環境教育實質內容部分，本研究則有以下發現：一、生態學基本概念主題：著重描述在生物的生態環境，以及生物與環境的互動；二、環境議題內涵主題：提及核汙染、震災；三、永續發展的教材甚為缺乏。最後，並據此研究發現對教育主管機關、學校、教師、出版商以及後續研究者提出建議。

The purpose of this study focuses on understanding the current situation of the environmental education issues contained in the Chinese literature textbooks in junior high schools of the Nine-Year Integrated Curriculum. The researchers employed content analysis, and the five constructs, eleven topics in the environmental education issues served as the main analyzed classifications. Our study revealed that the proportion of environmental education contents in each company's version exceeds one-third. As for the five constructs of environmental education, most versions covered the construct of "environmental awareness and sensibility", while "environmental skills" and "environmental experience" were the least mentioned ones. In eleven topics, every edition used the "Experiencing natural and cultural environment" for the main point in presentation, and all ignored the three topics: "the planning of environmental activity", "the participation in the environmental activity in the locality", and "the investigation of global environmental issues". We detect the following points: 1. The topic of ecological basic conceptions: focus on the biological and ecological environment, and on the interaction between the living things and the environment. 2. The topic of the intension of environmental issues: nuclear pollution, earthquake calamity,and floods. 3. There are very few materials discussing about the sustainable development.