《弗莱克斯纳报告》与美国医学教育认证的起源

The Flexner Report and the Origin of Medical Education Accreditation in the United States

《弗莱克斯纳报告》不仅对美国的医学教育产生了深刻影响, 而且开启了美国现代医学教育认证的新时代。《弗莱克斯纳报告》倡导医学教育认证缘起于美国当时高等教育数量与质量的矛盾、政治文化理念、医学教育高度自治和分权制管理的传统以及政府和公民社会的共同诉求。该报告的出现明确了医学院的入学标准、学制、州医学考试委员会的地位, 为后来的医学教育认证提供了依据。在《弗莱克斯纳报告》的影响下, 美国医学教育认证制度也从步履维艰的萌芽阶段逐步确立下来。

The Flexner Report not only exerted a profound influence on medical education in the United States, but opened a new era of medical education accreditation. It maintains that medical education accreditation originates from the contradiction between the quantity and quality of higher education in the United States at that period, political and culture concepts, the tradition of high degree of autonomy in medical education and decentralized management as well as the common pursuit of federal government and civil society. The report clarifies the standards for medical school admission, length of schooling and the status of State Board of Medical Examiners, providing a basis for medical education accreditation. Under the influence of the report, the medical education accreditation system gradually established from the embryonic stage in the United States.