日本学校的新灾害教育———基于舞子高中的个案研究

Exploration of New Disaster Education in Japanese School———Based on Maiko High School Case Study

学校是学生的主要活动场所,学校开展灾害教育在整个防灾减灾工作中意义重大。日本是灾害频发地,其灾害教育研究由来已久并处于世界领先水平。其中,日本舞子高中"新型灾害教育"的教育理念先进,实施方式多样。舞子高中在实施过程中运用外来讲师授课、校外参观学习、课题解决型学习等方式,以实现学生"知"、"技"、"心"的培养目标。该模式为我国的学校灾害教育提供了不无裨益的经验。

School is the main place where students live and play,it is very meaningful to carry out disaster mitigation education for all disaster prevention and mitigation work. Japan is a place where disasters take place frequently; it has a long history of studying disaster education which is in lead among other countries. Among them,the new kind disaster education of Maiko High School has advanced education theories and various implementation forms. In the process of disaster mitigation education,for achieving its objectives of developing students' knowledge,skills,and minds,it takes advantage of teaching patterns such as the lectures offered by visiting lecturers,studies outside of the school,problem-solving study patterns and so on. This disaster mitigation mode could provide some beneficial experience to our disaster education.