西双版纳傣族寺庙教育与学校教育冲突现状及归因分析

The Status Quo of the Conflict between the Monastic Education and School Education of the Dai in Xishuangbanna and Its Attribution Analysis

寺庙教育是西双版纳傣族的传统教育形态之一。寺庙不仅是宗教活动的中心，更是文化传播和民族教育的固定场所。现代学校教育介入后，寺庙教育与学校教育始终处于对立冲突的状态之中，主要体现在生源、时间、教学内容、学生人生观、和尚生身份等方面。这是由经济优势带来的文化自信和对他文化的排斥；学校教育传承傣族文化功能的有限性；学校教育的内容脱离当地生活，致使“读书无用论”流行；寺庙教育的世俗化倾向和管理上的松散状态；相关政策向学校“一边倒”的倾向等诸多因素共同作用产生的结果。

The monistic education is one form of traditional education for the Dai in Xishuangbanna. The temple is not only the center of religious activities, but also the fixed location for cultural transmission and ethnic education. After the intervention of modern school education, there has been a conflict between monastic education and school education in the aspects of student source, time, teaching content, the students' view of life, the identity of "the monk student" , and so on. The conflict could attribute to the cultural self-confidence and the exclusion of other cultures caused by the economic advantages, the limitation of school education in transmitting the Dai culture, the detachment of the content of school education from the local life, which leads to popularity of the idea that "schooling is useless" , the secularization of monistic education and its loose management, and the related policies serving only foe schools, etc.