德沃金资源平等理论及其教育意蕴

Dworkin's Equality of Resources and Its Implications for Education

德沃金的资源平等理论是西方平等主义理论阵营的重要分支。他提出了独特的“资源”平等观，将资源划分为非人格资源和人格资源，并就如何实现人格资源的平等提出了重要的见解。德沃金主张所有非人格资源的分配应该“敏于选择”和“钝于禀赋”，给予人格资源的处境不利者以必要的资源补偿。在人格资源的平等化中，政府和市场两种机制同样重要且相互补充。资源平等理论在平等与优先、平等与选择、起点平等和过程平等之关系以及政府在平等中的作用等问题上，为人们理解教育平等提供了有益的启示。

Dworkin's equality of resources is an important wing of egalitarian theories. In such a frame of theory, resource is a core conception including impersonal and personal resources with the latter the focus of this theory. The theory is comprised by dichotomy of endowment -insensitivity and ambition -sensitivity. The government and the market are both important mechanisms for achieving equality of personal resources. Dworkin's theory has positive implications for the interpretation of equality of education，such as relationships between equality and priority, equality and choice, equality of process and equality of starting -point, and government's role in equality.