教育问责的理论基础与实践模式：英、美、澳三国的考察

Foundations and Practices of Educational Accountability in England, America and Australia

作为一个包含财政的政治意义的概念，问责被广泛运用于教育质量保障系统之中。受新管理主义影响，在英、美、澳三国中，传统的官僚- 专业问责不断示微。表现式问责与市场问责在英国占据主导地位；美国的问责围绕高风险考试展开；进入新世纪，澳大利亚的集中化教育问责亦在发展。问责服务于何种质量追求，是思考用问责的方式保障教育质量的前提。

As a fiscal and politica l concept, accountability has been widely used in educational quality assurance system. Under the impact of newmanagerializm, traditional bureaucratic-professional accountability has been replaced by new forms of accountability. In England, performance accountability and market accountability constitute the main forms. High-stakes accountability is prevalent in America. Collective accountability is developing in Australia. This paper argues that the future discussions on educational accountability should address the nature of quality for which accountability is supposed to serve.