繪本團體運用於國小喪親兒童之研究

A Study of Picture Book Group Counseling with Bereaved Children

本研究旨在建立一套喪親兒童繪本團體方案，並透過實際運用，瞭解繪本團體方案適用性，探討喪親兒童在繪本團體呈現的哀悼任務歷程變化、哀悼任務內涵，以及哀悼歷程與繪本主題的關聯。繪本團體成員為四名喪親二到四年的國小四、五年級兒童，參與每次四十分鐘，共計十三次之繪本團體諮商。本研究於團體前、團體後對成員家長與導師進行訪談表訪談；在團體過程中全程錄音、錄影並轉錄為逐字稿進行分析。本研究主要發現如下：成員透過繪本團體的參與已能接受親人死去之事實，團體後期主要悲傷反應為「想念」、「捨不得」、「想起來偶爾會難過」等；喪親後的生活適應議題有「家中經濟狀況變差」、「家人長時在外工作，自己無人陪伴」、「需幫忙做家事」、「親人可能有新的伴侶」等。繪本團體歷程約可分為兩個階段，第一至第六次屬第一階段，為早、中期哀悼任務階段；第七至第十三次屬第二階段，著重於晚期哀悼任務。本研究針對上述研究結果加以討論，並提出實務與未來研究之建議。

The main study purpose of this study was creating a picture book grouping program with bereaved children， and conducted the program to help bereaved children’s to improved their life adjustment. This study also investigated bereaved children’s experiences in the picture book group， the change of the mourning process during the picture book group， and the meaning of mourning tasks in the picture books. The participants in this picture book group are elementary school students who are between fourth and fifth grade， they were received 40minutes (per-session) group counseling for 13 sessions. Following are the results of this study: First， the participants of the picture book group had received the fact of parental death. In the later period of group， participants’ main grief reactions were “missing”， “reluctant to give up” and “sometimes feel sad”. Second， the life adjustment subjects of the participants were “family economy is getting bad”， “family is too busy to keep close with their child”， “need to do housework”， and “the living parent may have a new partner.” Eventually， based on the discussion from the above items， this study was proposed valuable suggestions for further studies and counseling.