大學生親密關係暴力：其性質與實務工作者處遇能力之分析

A study on the current condition and capacities of therapists for intimate partner violence among Taiwanese college students

近年來親密關係中的暴力案件逐漸衝擊大學諮商中心，考驗實務工作者的處遇提供及危機處理能力。本研究依文獻編擬「大學院校對大學生親密關係暴力處理現況調查問卷」，以了解各大學諮商輔導中心在過去兩年內相關個案數、性質、需求等情形，及工作者察覺為親密關係暴力個案之線索為何，如何進行暴力評估、預測，如何對受害者進行安全計畫，並對親密關係暴力問題情境之熟悉情形及處遇能力進行分析與討論。在216份有效問卷中（69位主任或組長，147位實務工作者）的分析結果發現，過去兩年共有57所大學院校處理IPV案件，案件總數為229件，加害者男性為女性之4倍，受害者女性為男性之10倍，其暴力樣態以高壓控制、肢體暴力行為比例較高，並呈現多次暴力及暴力循環現象。晤談前後求助需要有所改變；學歷愈高、實務經驗愈豐富及參與過訓練之工作者，較熟悉並較有自信對某些親密關係暴力情境的處理；但資料也顯示多數的工作者對暴力覺察、危險評估及預測因子、評估工具之使用、受害者的安全計畫、施暴者處遇的技術都需要加強訓練。本研究結果亦提醒相關單位應重視並辦理以上課題之研習訓練，以加強大學親密關係暴力之處理能力與適切的處遇模式。

Therapists periodly counsel clients who are involved in intimate partner violence (IPV). The purpose of this study is to understand the nature and prevalence rate of IPV happened in campus， and to explore what therapists’ perceptions about their capacities which are ability to accurately assess IPV， using violent risk assessment tools and safety plans to facilitate clients’ safety for clients who involved in IPV. Sixty-nine administers and two hundred and sixteen therapists of university counseling centers fully filled-out questionnaires which constructed by researcher. Results found that IPV in campus is much serious than before and clients acquire help by safety-related counselingconsiderations; however， some situations and diffi culties indicated that therapists need more advanced training for promoting to identify IPV， using assessments， acknowledgement about offenders and treatment. In addiction to the nature and situation about campus IPV， some therapeutic and ethical suggestions for professional training and supervision were discussed.