特别的教育给特殊的群体——日本特别支援教育发展述评

The Special Education for the Special Group: Review of the Development of Japan's Special Assistance Education

］日本从2003年3月发表《今后特别支援教育发展方向（最终报告）》开始，将特殊教育逐渐转向为特别支援教育，将残障看成一种个性，将残障孩子看作“有特别需求的学生”给予特别的关注。2005年4月，日本开始实施《发育障碍者支援法》，通过建立“特别支援学校”、“特别支援班级”、“通级制度”以及开展特别支援教育项目等，使其对特殊群体的教育不论从政策上还是实践中都越来越规范化和人性化。

Japan's special education has gradually been transformed into the special assistance education which has become a newconcept of special education. The special assistance education treats disability as a kind of personality. Meanwhile, it treats the disabled children as a group with special needs. By building special assistance schools, special assistance classes, the class systemand delivering the special assistance education projects, etc, Japan's education for the special groups is becoming more and more standardized and humanized in policy and practice.