美国大学校友捐赠长盛不衰的组织要素考察

Investigation of Organizational Factors of Continuous Alumnus Donation to American University

美国大学的校友组织在促进校友捐赠的实践中发挥着重要的作用。从校友组织内部考察，健全的校友组织机构、明确的组织职责、以情感为核心的组织文化以及科学的组织策略是美国大学校友捐赠长盛不衰的核心要素；从组织外部环境考察，美国联邦政府的相关法律规制和对高等教育捐赠的政策支持，是美国大学校友捐赠长盛不衰的根本性要素。校友组织在内外部诸要素相互依存与作用下，强化和持续了校友的捐赠行为，保持了校友捐赠的长盛不衰。

Alumnus organizations of American university play an important role in promoting the continuous alumnus donation. The internal investigation of the alumnus organizations shows that sound alumnus organizational institution, explicit organizational responsibility,organizational culture with kernel of emotion,and scientific organizational strategy are the critical factors for continuous alumnus donation to American university. In view of external environments of the alumnus organizations, related laws and regulations and policy support to higher education are fundamental factors for the continuous alumnus donation. The interactive dependence between internal and external factors of the alumnus organizations enhances and sustains the donation behavior of alumni.