设计型学习:探究性教学新样式——兼论尼尔森的逆向思维学习过程模型

Design-based Learning: A New Instructional Pattern of Inquiry Oriented Teaching ——and on Nelson Model of Backward Thinking Learning Process

针对探究性教学中＂基于剧本的探究\＂的局限性，设计型学习提出以项目设计为中介，强调学生参与到具有挑战性的真实的设计项目中有意义地学习科学知识和设计技能。相对传统探究性学习，设计型学习在体验设计感、投入有意义学习、学习成果制品化、学习过程迭代化、教学设计逆向性等方面凸显其教学革新价值，逆向思维学习过程模型为设计型学习的实施提供了一个可操作框架。

With a view to the limitation of scripted-inquiry in inquiry learning， Design-based learning gives prominence to make learners participate in the challenging and real design project based on the project design as the agency， which will help the learners to master scientific knowledge and design skill with significative learning. Comparing with traditional inquiry learning， design based learning show the innovation value in teaching as follows: experiencing the sense of design， enabling significative learning， artifacts with learning outcome， iteration on learning process and backward design in instruction. And the backward thinking learning process model is an operational framework in practice of design-based learning.