从感知到理智:现代直观性教学原则的意义扩展

From Percept to Intellect: the Extension of the Meaning of Intuitional Teaching Principle

传统直观性教学原则作为教学的经典性原则一直在夸美纽斯阐释的意义上加以使用，它建立在感知直观的基础上。随着现代哲学与心理学的发展，人们逐渐认识到理智直观的价值和意义，胡塞尔的＂本质直观＂，李泽厚的＂自由直观＂，完形心理学所论证的＂格式塔＂，为＂理智直观＂的研究奠定了哲学和心理学基础。由此，现代直观性教学原则亟待扩展其意义，即培养学生的理智直观能力，在教学实践中养成学生丰富的想象力、整体的感悟能力与自由人格德性。

The traditional intuitional teaching principle， as a classical teaching principle， has been used on the basis of Comenius s elucidation. The traditional principle is based on the perceptive intuitionism. With the development of modern philosophy and psychology， people come to realize the value and significance of intellective intuitionism. Husserl s ＂essential intuitionism＂， Li Zehou's ＂free intuitionism＂ and the ＂Gestalt＂ demonstrated by the Gestalt psychology have all laid philosophical and psychological foundation for the research on ＂intellective intuitionism＂. Therefore， it is urgent to extend the meaning of modern intuitional teaching principle， that is， to cultivate students' capacity for intellective intuition， and cultivate their rich imagination， holistic apprehension and free personality and virtue in the teaching practice.