死人之手:论以名著达致修养

The Hands of the Dead: Achieving Accomplishment by Reading Classics

以名著达致修养看似美好，实际上并非坦途，它注定无法解决死人之手问题——由时间和名著表达方式造成的接受困难。这是赫钦斯名著阅读计划无法推广的原因。以名著达致修养最终会悖论式地造成名著本位，在规定时间训练学生咽下大量名著\＂锯末＂，其结果是制造学者而非培养通达之人，因此更适合研究生而不是本科生。对本科生来说，变通办法是综合施特劳斯方案与茨威格方案，同时重视教材和论文的价值。对学生来说，可以考虑余华方案，据自己的精神气质取舍名著。

Achieving accomplishment by reading classics is seemingly good， but in fact it is not easy because of the problem of ＂the hands of the dead＂—the difficulty to understand classics because of time and expression. That is the reason why Hutchins Great Book Program could not be widely promoted. Achieving accomplishment by reading classics may ultimately lead to the classics-centered reading. In this way， students will be forced to ＂swallow＂ a great number of ＂sawdust＂ of classics in the stipulated time， which will result in the manufacturing of scholars rather than the fostering of wise men. Therefore， it is more suitable for the postgraduates rather than undergraduates. As for undergraduates， the alternative is to integrate the Strauss scheme and the Zweig scheme， emphasizing the value of both text books and papers. For students， Yuhua scheme is recommended， to select classics based on their own temperament.