瞭解等於行動？檢驗台灣民眾環境知識、友善環境價值及節能減碳行為

Can Understanding Bring to Action? A Test of Pro-environmental Knowledge, Value, and Energy-Saving and Low-Carbon Behavior in Taiwan

為鼓勵友善環境行為（pro-environmental behavior）與落實環境治理，提升民眾對於環境知識與問題的瞭解程度，是公、私部門經常運用的方案策略方向。然而，這樣實務策略是否有經驗上有效的支持，尤其是對於一般社會大眾，則較少研究進行系統性檢驗。同時，在理論上，依據國內外學者討論友善環境行為，教育學與心理學/社會學研究文獻，分別重視環境知識與價值因素解釋，但是目前較少經驗研究同時考量這兩項變數的影響，也較少討論其在政策設計的意義。
基於氣候變遷與能源短缺議題持續發酵，節能減碳已成為國內外的全民運動，本研究選擇討論環保的節能減碳行為，利用2010年臺灣社會變遷調查計畫調查（第六期第一次環境組）資料，針對環境知識、友善環境價值與節能減碳行為，建立多元迴歸模型與檢驗。結果顯示，環境知識、友善環境價值，分別對於節能減碳行為，有顯著正向關聯；同時也發現，友善環境價值對於環境知識與節能減碳行為間，沒有產生調節效果；不過，友善環境價值可以正向影響環境知識，且兩者與節能減碳行為間，仍有顯著正向關聯，並顯示環境知識具有部分中介效果。最後，依據經驗資料驗證結果，提出方案設計上的政策建議與後續研究方向。

Informing people with knowledge about causes of environmental problems and their consequence and solutions is a widely-used strategy to promote pro-environmental concerns and behavior by public, private, and nonprofit organizations. However, the strategy lacks evidence-based supports. According to literature, pro-environmental behavior is associated with environmental knowledge and pro-environmental value respectively, and the value is believed to have significant influence on behavior. Also, there is lack of knowledge on testing the relationship of value, environmental knowledge and behavior.
This study focuses on energy-saving and low-carbon behavior and examines the effect of pro-environmental value and people’s environmental knowledge about understating environmental problems. Also, this study examines the moderation effect that value serves as moderator in the relationship between environmental knowledge and behavior, and mediation effects that environmental knowledge serves as mediator in the relationship between pro-environmental value and behavior. The statistical results show that environmental knowledge and pro-environmental value are positively associated with energy-saving and low-carbon behavior, and also that pro-environmental value isn’t a moderator between environmental knowledge and energy-saving and low-carbon behavior, but environmental knowledge can serve as a partial mediator between pro-environmental value and energy-saving and low-carbon behavior. Finally, according to the results, further researches and policy suggestions will be provided.