跨文化素養的學習取徑與內涵之探討

Study on Learning Approaches and Connotation of Intercultural Competences

在全球化脈絡下，資訊、交通、職業、人群的流動頻繁，增加了不同文化背景者之間的接觸，相較於以往，個體更需要具備與不同人接觸和互動的能力，這使得跨文化素養的學習和型塑日益受到重視。過往對於個體跨文化素養的探討，大多強調其心理歷程的轉變，而今體認有關外在環境與社會變遷的結構因素之作用，逐漸涵蓋了整體社會情境的相關因素。有鑑於此，本文對於跨文化素養的探討，除了呈現心理知覺的變化外，亦進一步揭露社會結構的影響，說明社會結構取徑下，個體在跨文化素養上所需要兼顧的認知、情意和行為之要項，最後，提出結論。

The rapid and frequent interaction among the information, communication, occupation and population in the era of globalization contributes to the people’s contact with others from different backgrounds. Therefore, learning and forming of the citizens’ intercultural competence has been viewed as a critical issue. Previous literature emphasizes the dimension of psychological transformation on cross-cultural learning, but the increasing influence on learners by the broader environments and social changes has been recognized. In this paper, the author illustrates the transformation of individuals’ psychological awareness as well as analyzes the gradually influences by the social movements on individual’s intercultural competences. Besides, the psychological approach, this article further demonstrates the approach of social structures impacted the learners’ cognition, attitude and behavior on the formation of intercultural competences. The conclusions are provided in the final section.