國民小學校長關懷領導與學生學習適應關係之研究

A Study on the Relationship Between Principals’ Caring Leadership and Students’ Learning Adaptation in Elementary Schools

本研究旨在瞭解國民小學校長關懷領導與學生學習適應之現況，以及分析校長關懷領導與學生學習適應之間的關係與影響。本研究以桃園市國民小學教師為研究對象，採問卷調查法，共發出705份，回收有效問卷669份，有效回收率達94.9%。資料處理以單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步多元迴歸分析及結構方程模型等統計方法進行分析。本研究獲致結論如下：一、國小教師知覺校長關懷領導屬中高表現，以關注學習最佳；國小教師知覺學生學習適應屬中高表現，以歸屬感表現較佳；二、國小教師因不同性別、最高學歷、職務類別、學校規模之背景變項，知覺校長關懷領導有明顯差異；國小教師因不同性別、最高學歷之背景變項，知覺學生學習適應有明顯差異；三、國小校長關懷領導與學生學習適應具高度正相關；四、國小校長關懷領導對學生學習適應具正向預測力；五、國小校長關懷領導對學生學習適應關係之模型適配良好，並具正向直接效果。最後，依據研究結論提出相關建議，俾供教育行政單位、學校教育人員及後續研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current development of the relationship between principals’ caring leadership and students’ learning adaptation in elementary schools, and to analyze the relationship and influence between the two variables. 705 copies of a questionnaire were sent out to selected elementary schools in Taoyuan City, and 669 valid copies were obtained, with the effective recovery rate reaching 94.9%. The survey data were analyzed by various statistical methods, including one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation, stepwise multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modeling. The following are the five research findings. First, elementary school teachers perceive the principals’ caring leadership as moderately to highly effective, with the emphasis on supporting learning being the best. Teachers perceive students’ learning adaptation as moderately to highly effective, with the sense of belonging being the best. Second, there are clear differences in teachers’ perceptions of the principals’ caring leadership according to their gender, highest degree attained, job category, and school size. There are clear differences in teachers’ perceptions of students’ learning adaptation according to their gender and highest degree attained. Third, there is a positive correlation between principals’ caring leadership and students’ learning adaptation in elementary schools. Fourth, the study shows a positive prediction between principals’ caring leadership and students’ learning adaptation in elementary schools. Fifth, the model between principals’ caring leadership and students’ learning adaptation is good fit for the data, and has a positive, direct effect. Based on its findings, this study made relevant suggestions, and provided reference for educational authorities, elementary school principals and teachers, and further research.