臺灣自發赴外國教師之職涯研究：多元職涯觀點

A Study on the Careers of Taiwanese Self-Initiated Expatriate Teachers - Protean Career Perspectives

本研究訪談11位曾經或現任自發赴外國教師，探討他們的價值觀，以及如何自我指導自己的職涯。研究者以訪談逐字稿進行開放性編碼，並歸納出主題概念和核心概念，發現本研究之核心概念與M. Gubler等人的多元職涯概念相符。自發赴外國教師之「自我覺察」表現包括：一、從人際網路得知海外任教資訊而採取行動；二、主動參與實習並爭取海外任教機會；三、依照返家次數、物價、薪資、工作性質進行自我評估。「價值驅動」表現包括：一、立志當華語教師；二、傳播臺灣語言文化；三、自發赴外國學校之學生所帶來的歸屬感；四、以個人價值觀為出發，進行探索、交流及行動。「適應能力」表現包括：一、有關創業準備的工作都試試看；二、良好的心理素質；三、開放樂觀、不設限、願意調整之正向心態。最後，「自我指導」的表現包括：一、繼續進修；二、返回臺灣；三、留在原國家或原校。與傳統職涯相較，本研究發現自發赴外國教師的未來目標並無「升遷」之選項，同時提出在實務和後續研究之建議。

This study interviewed eleven former or current self-initiated expatriate teachers to explore their values and how they self-initiated their careers. The researcher open coded all interview transcripts, then classified the thematic concepts and core concepts. It was found that the core concepts of this study aligned with Gubler’s (2014) et al.’s conceptualization of a protean career. This study found that self-initiated expatriate teachers possess “Self awareness” in the following ways: 1. Learning about overseas teaching information from social networks and then taking action; 2. Actively participating in internships and striving for overseas teaching opportunities; 3. Conducting self-evaluation based on the number of returns home, commodity prices, salary, and nature of work. “Value-driven” performance includes: 1. Determining to be Chinese teachers; 2. Spreading Taiwanese language and culture; 3. The sense of belonging brought by students in self-initiated expatriate schools; 4. Exploration, communication, and action based on personal values. The performance of “Adaptability” includes: 1. Trying out work related to entrepreneurship preparation; 2. Good psychological quality; 3. Open and optimistic, without setting limits, and willing to adjust. “Self awareness” includes 1. Continuing their studies, 2. Returning to Taiwan, 3. Staying in the expatriate country or school. However, compared with traditional careers, the self-initiated expatriate teachers of this study’s future goals do not reveal the option of “promotion”. This study also provides both practical practice and further study suggestions.