長期照顧資源對失智症與非失智症家庭照顧者的照顧負荷影響之探討

The Impacts of Long-term Care Resources on Family Care Burden of Dementia and Non-dementia Caregivers

目的：比較失智症與非失智症家庭照顧者使用長期照顧資源對其照顧負荷的影響探討。方法：研究方法採次級資料分析，資料取自北部及東部某縣市「全國家庭照顧者網路個案管理系統」資料庫，共蒐集416位家庭照顧者資料。結果：家庭照顧者有中等程度的照顧負荷（36.93±10.11分）；其中，相較於非失智症家庭照顧者的照顧負荷（36.33± 10.58分），失智症家庭照顧者的照顧負荷（37.97±9.19分）較高，但未達統計上顯著差異（p > 0.05）。在多變量線性迴歸分析結果發現：當家庭照顧者自覺健康狀況不好（β = 0.276, p < 0.01）或照顧女性被照顧者（β = -0.101, p = 0.032），以及被照顧者的年齡（β = -0.209, p < 0.01）、被照顧者的累積疾病數（β = 0.123, p = 0.011）和照顧失智症患者（β = 0.157, p = 0.002）為照顧負荷主要的預測因子。結論：本研究建議，未來需對有使用居家喘息、老人送餐服務，以及患有失智症之被照顧者的家庭照顧者，探討其獨特的照顧歷程及需求，以有效減輕其照顧負荷，降低因為照顧負荷帶來的負面影響。

The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of using long-term care resources on the care burden of family caregivers with and without dementia. The research method adopts secondary data analysis. The data is obtained from the “National Family Caregiver Network Case Management System” database in a county in northern and eastern Taiwan, which includes 416 family caregivers and 485 care recipients. Results demonstrated that family caregivers had a moderate level of care burden (36.93±10.11). Among them, the care burden of family caregivers with dementia (37.97±9.19) was higher than that of family caregivers without dementia (36.33±10.58) but not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that family caregivers whom poor self-perceived health status (β = 0.276, p < 0.01), and the age (β = -0.209, p < 0.01), female (β = -0.101, p = 0.032), dementia (β = 0.157, p = 0.002) and cumulative number of illnesses of care recipients (β = 0.123, p = 0.011), and those whom applied home respite (β = 0.129, p = 0.014) and elderly meal delivery service (β = 0.116, p = 0.024) were the factors related to caregiver burdern. It is suggestes that it is necessary to consider the needs of family caregivers who use home respite service, elderly meal delivery services and care recipients with dementia to effectively reduce their care burden to increase their quality of life.