安置機構生輔員反移情與因應經驗之研究

A Study on Residential Institution Caregivers’ Countertransference and Coping Experiences

本研究旨在探究安置機構生輔員對安置兒少反移情互動之覺察與因應經驗。本研究為質性研究，以詮釋現象學為方法論，採立意取樣與六位研究參與者進行半結構式深度訪談，再以主題分析法進行資料分析，歸納研究結果如下：

（一）安置機構生輔員反移情互動經驗的來源多樣，包括個人經驗、特殊議題及工作壓力。反移情可能因生輔員對安置兒少的印象及觀感、與安置兒少的互動、安置兒少的生命經驗及安置兒少對生輔員的移情而觸發。反移情反應可從情緒、認知與行為歸納成同理陷入及同理壓抑兩類別，並以同理失衡之概念概括。

（二）生輔員覺察反移情的方式包括從心理諮商發覺內心狀態、透過自我反思覺察、經他人反映而體悟；其因應方式可分為當下因應、事後因應及擱置或選擇不因應反移情。

（三）在個人生命經驗角度中，反移情能提升生輔員的自我覺察、反思能力，了解助人者的限制，提供探索個人議題之機會，但也會帶來負面情緒與挫折；在助人工作角度中，反移情互動經驗改變生輔員與院生的關係與動力，重塑專業界限，生輔員更敏銳於自己與安置兒少的互動狀態，並以更客觀的態度看待安置兒少及議題。

最後，研究者針對研究發現，對安置服務領域實務工作者及未來研究方向提出建議。

 

This study aims to explore the experiences of placement caregivers in their awareness and coping with countertransference. The study employed a qualitative research approach using interpretive phenomenology. Interviews were conducted with a sample of six participants, and thematic analysis was utilized to derive the research findings: (1)Sources of countertransference for placement caregivers included personal experiences, issues, and work stress. Countertransference may be triggered by caregivers’ impressions and perceptions of clients, interaction with the client, the client’s life experience, and the client’s transference to the caregivers. Countertransference responses can be summarized by empathic repression and empathic enmeshment. (2)Awareness of countertransference can be achieved through counseling, self-reflection, and feedback from others. The way of managing countertransference is coping now, coping afterwards, shelving or choosing not to respond to the countertransference. (3) Countertransference has various effects, including enhancing the caregiver’s awareness and reflective abilities, as well as causing negative emotions and frustrations. Countertransference can also alter the interactions between caregivers and clients, leading to a more objective perspective towards the clients.

According to the research results, suggestions were made for the caregivers, placement agencies and future related research in the end.