「新編青少年強項量表」簡版之發展

Development of the “New Inventory of Adolescents’ Short Strength Scale”

本研究欲克服過往青少年強項量表題數偏多、取樣年齡不完全等問題，進而發展適用於本土脈絡的簡版強項量表，以利於實務工作使用便利。探討分析文獻後，選定符合臺灣本土脈絡的「新編青少年強項量表」，在徵求原作者同意後，完整蒐集臺灣10～18歲青少年資料，精選33題發展簡版量表。簡版維持原版的三個向度：「自己」、「他人」及「事情」，和11個強項：「自我尊重」、「情緒自覺」、「樂觀」、「同理」、「寬恕」、「感恩」、「做人」、「愛」、「創造力」、「毅力」及「自我控制」。本研究樣本來自臺灣北、中、南、東四個行政區，並擴大樣本異質性，預試、正式施測及再測的有效樣本分別為196人、1,114人及103人。使用皮爾森積差相關、驗證性因素分析、試題反應理論、DIF分析、單因子多變量分析等統計方法分析後，結果顯示簡版信、效度佳，再測信度尚可；且各因素與生活滿意度、身心適應症幾乎皆呈顯著相關。至於性別DIF分析結果顯示，有利於男性的11題，背後呼應的強項為「自我尊重」、「樂觀」、「創造力」；有利於女性的兩題則呼應強項為「同理」。本量表可為實務評估提供具信、效度之工具，有助後續青少年的教育輔導、心理學相關實務、課程設計之應用。

This research intends to overcome the problems of too many items and incomplete age of sample collection in the past, and then develop a simplified version of the strengths scale suitable for local contexts, so as to facilitate the use of practical work. After discussing and analyzing the literature, we selected the “New Inventory of Adolescents’ Strengths” in line with Taiwan’s local context. After obtaining the consent of the original author, we collected data on Taiwanese adolescents aged 10~18, and selected 33 items to develop a short scale. The simplified version maintains the original 3 dimensions: “Self”, “Others” and “Things”, and 11 strengths. The samples of this study came from the four administrative regions of Taiwan, and expanded the sample heterogeneity. The effective samples of pre-test, formal test and retest were 196, 1,114 and 103. After using Pearson’s product-difference correlation, confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, differential item functioning analysis, one-way multivariate analysis and other statistical analysis, the short-form reliability and validity are good, and the test-retest reliability is acceptable. And each factor was significantly correlated with life satisfaction, physical and mental indications. It was further found that boys scored higher than girls in the “Self” dimension; girls scored higher than boys in the “Others” dimension. This scale can provide a reliable and valid tool for practice evaluation, and is helpful for the application of follow-up youth education counseling, psychology-related practice, and curriculum design.