世界大學排名系統重要影響準則之研究

A Study of the Influence Criteria of the World University Ranking Systems

本研究係以世界大學三大排名系統（QS、THE、ARWU）的15項準則作為研究基底，探討臺灣高等教育體系的專家對於世界大學排名系統準則之關聯性、重要性與差異性等相關議題；研究中運用層級程序分析法、網路程序分析法結合專家的專業知識與經驗，據以推估三大排名系統各自關鍵影響準則，以及評比影響準則的權重；同時，亦將三大系統官方權重與專家的權重進行差異性分析。最後，根據分析結果提出以下結論：一、學術聲望為QS的關鍵影響準則；二、教學、研究、論文引用為THE的關鍵影響準則；三、教職員品質、研究產出為ARWU的關鍵影響準則；四、公、私立學校的關鍵影響準則不盡相同。據此，提出對應建議，期作為大專校院校務規劃或發展特色參考，有效協助訂定發展策略與方針。

This study uses the 15 criteria of the world’s three major ranking systems (QS, THE, and ARWU) as the base for research and examines the relevance, the importance, and the differences of the criteria as perceived by experts in Taiwan’s higher education system. Both the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) are employed to combine the professional knowledge and experience of experts to estimate the respective key influence criteria of the three ranking systems and to evaluate the weights of the influence criteria. The differences between the official weights of the systems and the weights evaluated by experts are analyzed. Finally, four suggestions were made in the study: 1. The academic reputation is the key influence criteria of QS. 2. The teaching, research and paper citations are key influence criteria of THE. 3. Quality of faculty and research output are the two key influence criteria of ARWU. 4. The key influence criteria vary depending on whether the assessment is made to a public or private university. The above-mentioned recommendations are proposed as points of references for the planning or the developing characteristics of the universities and colleges on the one hand and for an effective use of formulating development strategies and guidelines on the other hand.