包容教育的理念與政策

Ideas and Policies for Inclusive Education

包容教育的理念在二十一世紀初成為國際教育重要論述，旨在為所有人提供優質教育，同時尊重多樣性以及各種學生和各種社群不同需求和能力、特徵與學習期望，並試圖消除所有形式的歧視。本文即在說明包容教育的理念、政策、措施與原則。首先，社會多元化與多樣性的趨勢，也會造成教育情境與學校中學習者的多樣性與差異性。其次，包容教育制度的政策檢視架構可提供各國審查教育政策對於包容教育理念涵蓋的程度。第三，包容教育的具體建議措施則在以確保教育包容和公平的立法、政策、計畫和實踐。最後，包容教育同時著重公平與包容等概念，對於包容教育的落實必須考慮尊重多樣性、歸屬感，以及持續性等關鍵原則。

Inclusive education has become an important discourse in international education at the beginning of the 21st century. Inclusive education aims to provide quality education for all while respecting diversity, different needs, abilities, characteristics and learning expectations of all students and communities, and seeks to eliminate all forms of discrimination. This article is to explain the ideas, policies, measures, and principles of inclusive education. First, the trend of social diversity represents the difference of learners in educational contexts and schools. Second, the framework for policy review of inclusive education systems can provide countries to review the extent to which educational policies cover the concept of inclusive education. Third, measures for inclusive education include legislation, policies, programs, and practices to ensure inclusive and equitable education. Finally, inclusive education also focuses on concepts such as equity and inclusion, and the implementation of inclusive education must consider key principles such as respect for diversity, belonging, and continuity