重返1873年維也納：中國官方首次參與世界博覽會以及被遺忘的《港口目錄》

China's Debut at the Universal Exhibition in Vienna in 1873 and the Forgotten Port Catalogues

1870年中國受邀參加三年後在維也納舉行的世界博覽會。組織參展的責任最終落在海關總稅務司赫德的身上。雖然這是中國第一次以官方身分參與這類大型的國際賽事，這段歷史並沒有獲得太多的研究。這個參會經驗中的一項重要成果是海關編撰一冊《中國海關為1873年奧匈帝國在維也納舉辦之世界博覽會所收集的港口目錄》。該冊雖彙整14個條約港口報告，有很高的學術價值，但它仍然廣被忽視。本文企圖從殖民訊息網絡的脈絡下，勾勒出這本出版物的學術意義，並強調此《港口目錄》對於廣泛知識累積和傳播的貢獻，例如從高度依賴原始資源的加工生產到相關的經濟植物學。

In 1870, China was invited to attend the Universal Exhibition in Vienna, to be held 1873. The responsibility for organising China’s participation fell, eventually, into the hands of Robert Hart, Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs Service. Although this was China’s first official participation in this type of international exhibitions, its history has received little attention. An important outcome from this experience was the production of Port Catalogues of the Chinese Maritime Customs’ Collection at the Austro-Hungarian Universal Exhibition, Vienna, 1873. This volume, a collection of reports from fourteen treaty ports, has important scholarly value, and yet it has been generally ignored. In examining its creation in the context of broader colonial information networks, this article seeks to outline the significance of this publication, and the ways in which it illustrates the development and propagation of a knowledge base across a wide array of areas, from natural resource-driven manufacturing to economic botany.