国外绿色教育简述：思想与实践

A Review of Green Education Abroad: Theories and Practices

随着我国教育界对绿色教育关注的日益升温，世界其它国家和地区的有关教育理念和实践可以为我们提供借鉴。国际上与我国绿色教育概念最接近的概念是环境教育以及稍后延伸出的可持续发展教育。经过近几十年来各国教育者和一些国际组织的不断探讨和推动，环境教育（以及后来的可持续发展教育）已经具备了相当程度的理论与实践基础，我们有必要在这个基础上不断推进我国绿色教育的理论与实践探索。总的看来，目前国际上的环境教育和可持续发展教育呈现出四大特征：一是各方普遍将教育视为环境保护的重要方面；二是在学校中注重环境教育的综合性和跨学科性；三是关注教师教育对于环境教育的重要作用；四是将关注重心从人与环境之间的关系延伸至自然和人类社会各个方面的全面协调和可持续发展。

With increasing attention to green education in China, a brief review of pertinent theories and practices overseas is worthwhile. In the international context, green education in China is similar to the concepts of“environmental education”and the derived concept of“sustainability education”.“Environmental education” (and“sustainability education”) has established solid theoretical and practical foundation due to educators' and international organizations' great effort in exploring and facilitating such education for decades. It is suggested that the theoretical and practical exploration of green education in China should be facilitated on the basis of “environmental education”and“sustainability education”. Currently there are four major trends in“environmental education”and“sustainability education”at the global level first, education is considered as an important aspect of environmental protection；second, environmental education in schools often takes an integrative and interdisciplinary approach；third, the importance of teacher education for environmental education is emphasized；and last, there is a shift of the attention from the relationship of human and environment to the harmonious and sustainable development of nature and all the aspects of human society.