父母自我分化對青少年子女身心健康影響模式探討

An Exploration on the Causal Model between Parent’s Self-Differentiation and Adolescent's General Health

本研究旨在探討父母自我分化對青少年子女身心健康影響的兩個模式。以台北縣市國中七到九年級1010組父親、母親、國中青少年為研究樣本，運用問卷調查法蒐集資料，所用的研究工具為「自我分化量表」（包含父親版、母親版、學生版）、「親子三角關係量表」、「一般健康量表」。以青少年子女自我分化為中介變項，在父母各自的自我分化對青少年子女身心健康影響之結構方程模式部分的重要發現是：父母各自自我分化，會經由青少年子女自我分化，影響青少年子女身心健康，而且父親的自我分化影響力，與母親的自我分化影響力是相同的。此一結果支持Bowen認為自我分化會代間傳遞，並且父母自我分化會影響子女身心健康的理論。此外，以親子三角關係為調節變項、青少年子女自我分化為中介變項，在父母各自自我分化對青少年子女身心健康影響之結構方程模式部分，發現親子三角關係程度高分組與低分組，在父、母自我分化對青少年子女的自我分化之關係上不具有調節效果。

This study investigated two causal models between Parent's Self-Differentiation and Adolescent's General Health. There were nearly 1010 father-mother-child teams investigated. The each participants (father, mother and student) were evaluated by using The Differentiation of Self Inventory, The Family Triangulation Inventory and The General Health Questionnaire. In the causal model, the influence of each parent's self-differentiation on adolescent's general health was observed by using the adolescent's self-differentiation as a mediator. Result indicated that, each parent's self-differentiation positively affect the adolescent's self-differentiation which may also affect the adolescent general health. The effect of father's and mother's self-differentiation on adolescent general health was observed to be similar. Our result also confirmed Bowen's theory about the intergenerational transmission of self-differentiation, and each parent's self-differentiation positively affect the adolescent general health. In the causal model, the influence of each parent's self-differentiation on adolescent's general health was observed by using the family triangulation as a moderator and the adolescent's self-differentiation as a mediator. Result indicated that, in high score team the adolescent involved in the family triangulation affect in same way as the low score team by which each parent's self-differentiation influences adolescent self-differentiation. Thus the moderator effect of the family triangulation was not supported.