论学习困难学生行为干预策略

Behavioral Intervention Strategies for Students with Learning Difficulties

学习困难学生的行为问题是与其学习问题相伴而生的，他们的认知障碍、动机障碍是与其行为障碍密切联系的。本文讨论三类课堂行为问题干预策略：(1)学习退避行为，学习退避行为实质上是习得性无能的表现，干预重点是改善其不良的自我概念，增强其自信心，引导其正确对待失败，克服自卑，同时要改变其消极的归因倾向。(2)注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)，相当部分的学习困难学生伴有注意缺陷多动障碍。对注意缺陷多动障碍的干预策略，一般有药物干预和心理社会干预。医院主要采取药物干预，而学校和家庭主要采用心理社会干预。心理社会干预包括：认知行为干预、父母训练、感觉统合训练等。(3)攻击性行为干预可以采用认知行为干预和内观训练。

Students with learning difficulties may also have behavior al problems. Their cognitive, motivational problem is closely associated with behavioral problem. This article discusses three types of intervention strategies for classroom behavior problems: (1) Resignation learning behavior is essentially the performance of learned helplessness. So the intervention should focus on improving their poor self-concept, enhancing their self-confidence, guiding the correct treatment to failure and changing their negative attribution. (2) Many students with learning difficulties associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Usually the medicine intervention is used in hospital and psycho-social intervention is used in school and family to resolve this problem. The psycho-social interventions include cognitive-behavioral intervention, parent training, sensory integration training and so on. (3) As to the aggressive behavior, cognitive-behavioral interventions and mindfulness based cognitive therapy can be used.